What is a likely cause of a "rotten egg" odor from an aerobic treatment plant?

The presence of a "rotten egg" odor, often associated with hydrogen sulfide, can be attributed to conditions where anaerobic processes are occurring instead of aerobic ones. In an aerobic treatment plant, effective aeration is crucial to maintaining the right biological conditions for breaking down waste.

When there is a mechanical aerator failure or hydraulic overload, the oxygen supply to the microorganisms can be disrupted. This lack of adequate oxygen can lead to the growth of anaerobic bacteria, which thrive in low-oxygen environments and produce hydrogen sulfide as a byproduct—resulting in that characteristic rotten egg smell.

In contrast, excessive solids in the tank might create problems with treatment efficiency but would not directly cause the specific "rotten egg" odor associated with anaerobic processes. Similarly, incompatible soil conditions and excessive chemicals can lead to other treatment issues but are less likely to be the direct cause of hydrogen sulfide odors within the context of an aerobic treatment system. The mechanical aerator's role in ensuring consistent aeration and oxygen levels makes the scenario of a mechanical failure or hydraulic overload a likely cause of such odors.